India-Indonesia Relations: Historical Bonds and Contemporary Realities
Happy Independence Day, Indonesia! Even as China flexes its muscles in the background, eyeing not only the erstwhile East Indies but also Sri Lanka and Maldives.
Historical Bonds and Contemporary Realities
A Testament to Age-Old Ties: The deep-rooted historical connection between India and Indonesia dates back to the flourishing era of the Chola Empire, where maritime trade routes gracefully linked the two ancient civilizations. The picturesque Indonesian island of Bali epitomizes the enduring Hindu and Buddhist influences from India. Amidst the modern-day Islamic fabric of Indonesia, Bali shines as a beacon of shared spiritual heritage.
Independence, Resilience, and Unity: As we commemorate Indonesia's 78th Independence Day today, it's pivotal to reflect upon the indelible imprints left by European colonialism on both our nations. The British dominion over India juxtaposed with Dutch rule in Indonesia, both marked by exploitation of abundant resources and the diligent workforce. But from these narratives of domination arose poignant stories of resistance and solidarity. Today, as we extend heartfelt wishes to our Indonesian brethren on this significant day, we are reminded of our shared journey of resilience and mutual respect.
Post-Colonial Diplomatic Forays: India's Pandit Nehru and Indonesia's President Suharto, in the aftermath of colonial subjugation, pioneered a cooperative approach to global diplomacy. Their leadership culminated in the 1955 Bandung Conference, in Indonesia, heralding the Non-Aligned Movement and echoing shared values of mutual support and progress.
Geostrategic Imperatives
Indonesia's vast archipelago, stretching between the Indian and Pacific Oceans, underscores its geostrategic relevance. With a commanding presence along pivotal maritime routes, Indonesia acts as a gateway to the broader Southeast Asian region. As the world’s fourth-largest population, its demographic heft is equally matched by its economic and political potential. Being a major Muslim-majority country1, it is imperative for India to engage with Indonesia with sensitivity and respect. The rise of digital diplomacy and people-to-people engagement provide avenues for India to dispel misplaced narratives about its treatment of Muslim minorities, and to promote a comprehensive understanding based on shared histories and mutual respect2.
China's Expanding Footprint:
Drawing insights from Tridivesh Singh Maini's well-researched article, "Indonesia-China Relations in a Changing Global Order", it becomes evident that China's commitment to Indonesia is steadily amplifying3. Projects like the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail are not merely infrastructural feats but symbolic representations of China's deep-rooted intent in Southeast Asia. India's reflexive strategies, such as tech bans or scrutinizing Chinese corporations, might resonate domestically, but the geostrategic puzzle demands a more comprehensive, forward-thinking approach. This is accentuated by China's intensified engagements in close neighbors like Sri Lanka and the Maldives. For India, it's not just about counteracting influence but about crafting a visionary alliance that takes into account the evolving geopolitics of the region.
Pathways for Collaboration:
Beyond government-to-government interactions, business partnerships hold the key to integrated growth. The journey of business magnate Lakshmi Mittal, whose global steel empire had its roots in Indonesia, epitomizes potential entrepreneurial collaborations. Enhanced bilateral trade, innovative tech partnerships, renewable energy initiatives, and infrastructure development can further cement the India-Indonesia partnership.
Navigating a Shared Maritime Vision
Under Prime Minister Narendra Modi's guidance, India has ardently championed maritime collaboration, seamlessly merging strategic considerations with economic opportunities—be it naval cooperation, maritime security, or intelligence sharing. Both India and Indonesia, as influential members of the G20, are well-positioned to exploit this platform for shared socio-economic ambitions. India's ascension to the G20 Presidency at the Bali Summit on 1st December 2022 marked a significant diplomatic stride. This progression was accompanied by a notable thaw in relations when Modi, following the Galwan stand-off, joined Chinese President Xi Jinping at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, in September 2022, a sentiment reiterated at the ensuing G20 Summit in Indonesia. Moreover, India's proactive role in the QUAD, emphasizing a free and open Indo-Pacific, aligns with its G20 engagements. Together, India and Indonesia, by leveraging these multilateral platforms, can shape a harmonious Indo-Pacific narrative, emphasizing cooperation, security, and shared prosperity.
The Cultural Diplomacy of Tourism
India and Indonesia, two ancient civilizations steeped in rich history and traditions, share a cultural and spiritual tapestry that transcends contemporary borders. Their intertwined narratives, from shared epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata to similar artistic and architectural motifs, present a treasure trove of opportunities for tourism. By jointly promoting heritage sites that resonate with shared legends, both nations can tap into a unique segment of spiritual tourism that attracts pilgrims and history enthusiasts alike. Beyond mere sightseeing, curated cultural exchanges—encompassing dance, art, cuisine, and festivals—can pave the way for deeper interpersonal connections. Such immersive experiences not only boost tourism revenues but also foster a mutual appreciation that reinforces diplomatic ties. This strategic blend of culture and diplomacy has the power to draw these nations even closer, celebrating their shared past while collaboratively crafting a harmonious future.
Summing up and Way Forward
As India and Indonesia unravel the intricate threads of their intertwined history, they stand on the brink of a future teeming with opportunity. Rooted in the rich wisdom of their collective past and armed with modern geopolitical capabilities, there lies before them the possibility of an ever-strengthening partnership. India's approach towards containing China's expanding maritime influence shouldn't be one of confrontation or provocation. Instead, it should focus on the cultivation of strategic alliances and relationships. In this chessboard of maritime diplomacy, Indonesia emerges as a pivotal player, assisting India in fostering a balanced regional environment. With a blend of realism and aspiration, the upcoming chapters promise mutual achievements and an unyielding alliance. United in purpose, these Asian giants are poised not only to define their individual trajectories but also to catalyze regional stability and shared prosperity.
87% of its population is Muslim.
A UT cadre retired IAS batchmate of mine, with whom I discussed this subject, said: "I worked at Nicobar; Sumatra is barely 120 miles away ...so keep track of Indonesia.”
He also stated that in the 1965 Indo-Pak War, Indonesia had given Pakistan an Air Force Squadron. I could not independent verify this assertion.
https://thegeopolitics.com/indonesia-china-relations-in-a-changing-global-order/
For many facts are new. It is Worth reading and indoneshia is worth visiting and economic one too 👍👍
For many facts are new. It is Worth reading and indoneshia is worth visiting and economic one too 👍👍